Input and Output

• Introduction
• Character Strings
  • Representation of Strings
  • Creation of Strings
    • "abc" → MonStgElt
    • BinaryString(s): MonStgElt → BStgElt
    • BString(s): MonStgElt → BStgElt
    • s cat t: MonStgElt, MonStgElt → MonStgElt
    • s cat t: BStgElt, BStgElt → BStgElt
    • s * t: MonStgElt, MonStgElt → MonStgElt
    • s cat:= t: MonStgElt, MonStgElt → MonStgElt
    • s cat:= t: BStgElt, BStgElt → BStgElt
    • s *:= t: MonStgElt, MonStgElt → MonStgElt
    • &cat s: [ MonStgElt ] → MonStgElt
    • &cat s: [ BStgElt ] → BStgElt
    • &* s: [ MonStgElt ] → MonStgElt
    • s ^ n: MonStgElt, RngIntElt → MonStgElt
    • s[i]: MonStgElt, RngIntElt → MonStgElt
    • s[i]: BStgElt, RngIntElt → RngIntElt
    • ElementToSequence(s): MonStgElt → [ MonStgElt ]
    • Eltseq(s): MonStgElt → [ MonStgElt ]
    • ElementToSequence(s): BStgElt → [ BStgElt ]
    • Eltseq(s): BStgElt → [ BStgElt ]
    • Substring(s, n, k): MonStgElt, RngIntElt, RngIntElt → MonStgElt
    • Substring(s, n, k): BStgElt, RngIntElt, RngIntElt → BStgElt
  • Integer-Valued Functions
    • # s: MonStgElt → RngIntElt
    • # s: BStgElt → RngIntElt
    • Index(s, t): MonStgElt, MonStgElt → RngIntElt
    • Position(s, t): MonStgElt, MonStgElt → RngIntElt
  • Character Conversion
    • StringToCode(s): MonStgElt → RngIntElt
    • CodeToString(n): RngIntElt → MonStgElt
    • StringToInteger(s): MonStgElt → RngIntElt
    • StringToInteger(s, b): MonStgElt, MonStgElt → RngIntElt
    • StringToIntegerSequence(s): MonStgElt → [ RngIntElt ]
    • IntegerToString(n): RngIntElt → MonStgElt
    • IntegerToString(n, b): RngIntElt, RngIntElt → MonStgElt
  • Boolean Functions
    • s eq t: MonStgElt, MonStgElt → BoolElt
    • s eq t: BStgElt, BStgElt → BoolElt
    • s ne t: MonStgElt, MonStgElt → BoolElt
    • s ne t: BStgElt, MonStgElt → BoolElt
    • s in t: MonStgElt, MonStgElt → BoolElt
    • s notin t: MonStgElt, MonStgElt → BoolElt
    • s lt t: MonStgElt, MonStgElt → BoolElt
    • s lt t: BStgElt, BStgElt → BoolElt
    • s le t: MonStgElt, MonStgElt → BoolElt
    • s le t: BStgElt, BStgElt → BoolElt
    • s gt t: MonStgElt, MonStgElt → BoolElt
    • s gt t: BStgElt, BStgElt → BoolElt
    • s ge t: MonStgElt, MonStgElt → BoolElt
    • s ge t: BStgElt, BStgElt → BoolElt
    • Example: Strings
  • Parsing Strings
    • Split(S, D): MonStgElt, MonStgElt → [ MonStgElt ]
    • Split(S): MonStgElt → [ MonStgElt ]
    • Example: Split
    • Regexp(R, S): MonStgElt, MonStgElt → BoolElt, MonStgElt, [ MonStgElt ]
    • Example: Regexp
• Printing
  • The print-Statement
    • print expression;
    • print expression, ..., expression;
    • print expression : parameters;
  • Formatted Printing
    • printf format, expression, ..., expression;
    • Example: printf
    • Example: printf2
    • fprintf file, format, expression, ..., expression;
    • Example: fprintf
  • Verbose Printing
    • vprint flag: expression, ..., expression;
    • vprint flag, n: expression, ..., expression;
    • vprintf flag: format, expression, ..., expression;
    • vprintf flag, n: format, expression, ..., expression;
  • Automatic Printing
    • ShowPrevious()
    • ShowPrevious(i): RngIntElt
    • ClearPrevious()
    • SetPreviousSize(n): RngIntElt
    • GetPreviousSize() → RngIntElt
    • Example: Auto Print
  • Indentation
    • IndentPush()
    • IndentPush(C): RngIntElt
    • IndentPop()
    • IndentPop(C): RngIntElt
  • Printing to a File
    • PrintFile(F, x): MonStgElt, Any
    • Write(F, x): MonStgElt, Any
    • WriteBinary(F, s): MonStgElt, BStgElt
    • PrintFile(F, x, L): MonStgElt, Any, MonStgElt
    • Write(F, x, L): MonStgElt, Any, MonStgElt
    • PrintFileMagma(F, x): MonStgElt, Any
  • Printing to a String
    • Sprint(x): Elt → MonStgElt
    • Sprint(x, L): Elt, MonStgElt → MonStgElt
    • Sprintf(F, ...): MonStgElt, ... → MonStgElt
    • Example: Sprintf
  • Redirecting Output
    • SetOutputFile(F): MonStgElt
    • UnsetOutputFile()
    • HasOutputFile() → BoolElt
• Input
  • Reading a Complete File
    • Read(name): MonStgElt → MonStgElt
    • ReadBinary(name): MonStgElt → BStgElt
    • Example: Read
  • Reading Command Output
    • Pipe(cmd, input): MonStgElt, MonStgElt → MonStgElt
    • Pipe(cmds, inputs): SeqEnum, SeqEnum → SeqEnum
    • Example: Pipe
    • Example: Pipes
  • Interactive Input
    • read identifier;
    • read identifier, prompt;
    • readi identifier;
    • readi identifier, prompt;
• I/O Objects
  • IOType(I): IO → MonStgElt
  • Files
    • Open(name, mode): MonStgElt, MonStgElt → IO
    • OpenTest(name, mode): MonStgElt, MonStgElt → BoolElt, IO
  • Pipes
    • POpen(cmd, mode): MonStgElt, MonStgElt → IO
    • Example: Get Time
  • Sockets
    • Socket(H, P : parameters): MonStgElt, RngIntElt → IOSocket
    • Socket( : parameters) → IOSocket
    • WaitForConnection(S): IO → IO
  • Other Socket Operations
    • SocketInformation(S): IO → Tup, Tup
    • IsServerSocket(S): IO → BoolElt
    • Example: Sockets
  • A Note on Socket Security
• I/O Operations
  • End of File Marker
    • Eof() → MonStgElt
    • IsEof(S): MonStgElt → BoolElt
    • AtEof(I): IO → BoolElt
    • Example: EOF
  • Strings
    • Read(I : parameters): IO → MonStgElt
    • ReadCheck(I : parameters): IO → BoolElt, MonStgElt
    • Read(I, n): IO, RngIntElt → MonStgElt
    • ReadCheck(I, n): IO, RngIntElt → BoolElt, MonStgElt
    • Write(I, s): IO, MonStgElt
    • WriteCheck(I, s): IO, MonStgElt → BoolElt
  • Legacy String Operations
    • Put(I, s): IO, MonStgElt
    • Puts(I, s): IO, MonStgElt
    • Getc(I): IO → MonStgElt
    • Gets(I): IO → MonStgElt
    • Ungetc(I, c): IO, MonStgElt
    • Example: Line Count
  • Byte Sequences
    • ReadBytes(I : parameters): IO → SeqEnum
    • ReadBytesCheck(I : parameters): IO → BoolElt, SeqEnum
    • ReadBytes(I, n): IO, RngIntElt → SeqEnum
    • ReadBytesCheck(I, n): IO, RngIntElt → BoolElt, SeqEnum
    • WriteBytes(I, S): IO, SeqEnum
    • WriteBytesCheck(I, S): IO, SeqEnum → BoolElt
  • Objects
    • ReadObject(I): IO → Any
    • ReadObjectCheck(I): IO → BoolElt, Any
    • WriteObject(I, x): IO, Any
    • WriteObjectCheck(I, x): IO, Any → BoolElt
  • Versions
    • GetMOTPMaxVersion() → MonStgElt
    • GetMOTPVersion() → MonStgElt
    • SetMOTPVersion(v): MonStgElt
    • SetMOTPVersion(I, v): IO, MonStgElt
    • NotifyVersion(I): IO
    • ExpectVersion(I): IO
    • ExchangeVersions(I): IO
    • Example: Object Exchange
  • Positioning
    • Tell(I): IO → RngIntElt
    • Seek(I, offset): IO, RngIntElt
    • Seek(I, offset, origin): IO, RngIntElt, RngIntElt
    • Rewind(I): IO
  • Other I/O Operations
    • Flush(I): IO
• Managing Multiple I/O Objects
  • WaitForIO(R : parameters): SeqEnum → SeqEnum
  • WaitForIO(R, W : parameters): SeqEnum → SeqEnum, SeqEnum
  • Example: Chat Server
• Asynchronous I/O
  • A Note on Files and Pipes
  • Strings
    • AsyncRead(I : parameters): IO
    • AsyncRead(I, n): IO, RngIntElt
    • AsyncWrite(I, s): IO, MonStgElt
  • Byte Sequences
    • AsyncReadBytes(I : parameters): IO
    • AsyncReadBytes(I, n): IO, RngIntElt
    • AsyncWriteBytes(I, S): IO, SeqEnum
  • Objects
    • AsyncReadObject(I): IO
    • AsyncWriteObject(I, x): IO, Any
  • Versions
    • AsyncNotifyVersion(I): IO
    • AsyncExpectVersion(I): IO
    • AsyncExchangeVersions(I): IO
    • Example: Collatz
• Loading Program Files
  • Load(F): MonStgElt
  • Load(Q): [MonStgElt]
  • load "filename";
  • iload "filename";
• Saving and Restoring Workspaces
  • save "filename";
  • restore "filename";
• Logging a Session
  • SetLogFile(F): MonStgElt
  • UnsetLogFile()
  • SetEchoInput(b): BoolElt
• Memory Usage
  • GetMemoryUsage() → RngIntElt
  • GetMaximumMemoryUsage() → RngIntElt
  • ResetMaximumMemoryUsage()
• System Calls
  • Alarm(s): RngIntElt
  • ChangeDirectory(s): MonStgElt
  • GetCurrentDirectory()
  • Getpid()
  • Getuid()
  • Fork() → RngIntElt
  • System(C): MonStgElt → RngIntElt
  • Example: Get Date
  • %! shell-command
• Creating Names
  • Tempname(P): MonStgElt → MonStgElt